In 1 Samuel 9, the prophet Samuel anoints Saul to be king over Israel. But Saul turns out
to disobey God; does not behave as a viceroy under God. Therefore he is rejected by God.
“Because you have rejected the word of the Lord,
he has also rejected you from being king.” 1 Samuel 15 verse 23
In 1 Samuel 16 Samuel is sent by God to Bethlehem to anoint David, the youngest son of Jesse, king. Jesse is a grandson of Boaz and Ruth.
Bethlehem is located in the tribal area of Judah. Judah's father Jacob had blessed Judah with
the following words:
“The scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor the ruler's staff from between his feet,
until Shiloh comes, and to him shall be the obedience of the peoples.” Genesis 49 verse 10.
Now this blessing, this promise of God is being fulfilled to David.
“I have found David the son of Jesse, a man after My own heart, who will do all things
I do”. Acts 13 verse 22.
But it is still a provisional fulfillment. David's kingship prefigures the kingship of the Messiah; Jesus, the Son of David. Matthew 1.
David is a sheepherder. He is anointed king to shepherd his people.
The prophet Ezekiel prophesied (long after David’s death):
“And I will set up over them one shepherd, my servant David, and he shall feed them: he shall feed them and be their shepherd. 24 And I, the Lord, will be their God, and my servant David shall be prince among them. I am the Lord; I have spoken.” Ezekiel 34 verse 23.
In this prophecy the Shepherd is called David, meaning a descendant of David, in accordance with the promise from 2 Samuel 7 verse 16:
“Your house and your kingdom will be established forever before your eyes, your throne will be established forever.”
This prophecy is fulfilled in Jesus, the Shepherd-King. In John 10 Jesus, the Son of David, calls himself the Good Shepherd, who lays down His life for His sheep. See also Isaiah 40 verse 11.
Jesus will reign forever:
‘He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High. And the Lord God will give to him the throne of his father David, 33 and he will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of his kingdom there will be no end.” Luke 1 verse 32, 33. See also Isaiah 55 verse 4.
Jesus also calls Himself David's Son and Lord:
And as Jesus taught in the temple, he said, “How can the scribes say that the Christ is the son of David? 36 David himself, in the Holy Spirit, declared,“‘The Lord said to my Lord,“Sit at my right hand, until I put your enemies under your feet.” 37 David himself calls him Lord. So how is he his son?” And the great throng heard him gladly. Mark12 verse 35 to 37.
Jesus calls Himself the Origin and Descendant of David:
“I, Jesus, have sent my angel to testify to you about these things for the churches. I am the root and the descendant of David, the bright Morning Star.” Revelation 22 verse 16.